An accountant’s job is to make sure records are kept accurately and that taxes are paid on time.  This is accomplished by preparing and analyzing financial documents, as well as verifying their accuracy.  Many accountants are broadening their job descriptions to include providing budget analysis, consulting, investment and financial planning assistance, and a limited amount of legal services. 

There are four field of accounting, with each having its own specific duties and description.  These fields are management, public, internal auditing, and government accounting. 

Management accountants are responsible for recording and analyzing financial information for the company that employs them.  They may also be responsible for performance evaluation, budgeting, asset management, and cost management.

Public accountants perform auditing, accounting, consulting, and tax activities for their clients.  Clients of a public accountant may be the government, corporations, nonprofit organizations, or individuals. 

An internal auditor is responsible for verifying the accuracy of the internal records of an organization.  The internal auditor also checks for fraud, waste, or general mismanagement of funds.

A government accountant maintains and examines the records of government agencies.  They also audit individuals and private businesses that are subject to government taxation or regulation.

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In order to become an accountant, it is generally necessary to obtain a bachelor’s degree in accounting or in a similar field.  Some employers, however, require a master’s degree in accounting or in business management with a concentration in accounting in order to be employed.

Experience is also helpful in gaining employment as an accountant.  Many colleges offer part-time or summer internship programs with businesses or public accounting firms that allow future accountants to gain valuable on-the-job experience.

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Professional licensure and certification in the area of accounting is also valuable in gaining experience and improving employment marketability.  The State Board of Accountancy is responsible for providing CPA licensing, with most state’s requiring a person to be a college graduate in order to receive licensure. 

Accountants can also increase their credentials through participating in professional societies on a voluntary basis.  These voluntary certifications allow an accountant to become specialized in an area of accounting and auditing.  This type of certification can also be used to demonstrate competency without the need for additional formal education. 

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According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment opportunities for accountants are expected to grow faster than average through 2014.  This is largely due to the increase in businesses, as well as the ever-changing financial regulations and laws.  Furthermore, job openings will become available as accountants retire or leave their jobs to pursue other occupations.

As new businesses continue to develop, there will be an increase in need for auditors to prepare taxes, set up books, and provide financial management advice.  The boom in international businesses has further increased the need for accountants capable of dealing with international accounting and trade laws. 

The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual salary for accountants in 2004 was $50,770.  Those working for a Federal executive branch or in the United States Postal Service earned the most, with a median annual salary of $56,900.  Those working for the state government earned the least, with a median annual salary of $43,400.